Grade 6 Science Experiment 3 - "Why does an Apple turn Brown?"
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Purpose:
The purpose of this science fair project is to explore enzymes and how they affect the coloration of various fruits and vegetables. Enzymes are proteins that act as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes are present in a variety of situations from digestion in your body to turning a sliced apple brown. Enzymes are necessary because without enzymes it would take a significant amount of time to digest foods, etc.
The unique shape of each enzyme helps the enzyme to perform its proper function. If the shape of enzyme is altered in any manner then the enzyme won't complete its task properly. For example, the enzyme that changes an apple and potato to a brown color is known as catecholase. The catecholase enzyme can only function properly if the pH level of the apple or potato is natural. Therefore, in this science fair project we will alter the pH level in an apple to see if we can alter the shape of the catecholase enzyme. Will the apple still turn brown?
Hypothesis:
Altering the pH level of the apple will prohibit the catecholase enzyme from turning the apple brown.
Variables:
- pH level of each apple and potato
- pH level of lemon juice
- pH level of saltwater
Materials Needed:
- Three apples
- Three potatoes
- Lemon juice
- Table salt
- Water
- Cup
- Spoon
- Vegetable peeler
- Stopwatch
- ph Test kit available from your science teacher or science supply store
- Paper
- Pencil
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